并购对企业R&D投资的挤出效应研究——基于并购前后资产负债率变动的视角

创新是企业内涵式的增长方式,并购是企业外延式的增长方式。在资源有限的情况下,企业如何在这两种战略之间进行权衡?本文以2007-2018年沪深A股上市公司为研究样本,发现如果并购引起企业资产负债率增加,则会对并购后的R&D投资形成"财务侵占",从而对研发产生负面影响;这种抑制作用在主并企业存在融资约束的情况下会更加显著;按企业特征划分,这种抑制作用主要存在于小企业和民营企业。研究结果为基于边界条件的并购如何影响企业创新绩效提供了实证证据,同时也为企业进行相关战略变更和投资决策提供了有益参考。     

年金计划对企业创新的影响:促进还是抑制?

基于企业年金的人力资本管理功能,本文分析了实施年金计划对企业创新的影响及其机理,并以2007―2017年A股上市公司为样本进行了实证检验。研究结果表明,企业年金具有显著的创新激励效果,实施年金计划能够显著提高企业的创新水平。影响机理检验表明,企业年金能够通过增强员工满意度、加大对员工创新技能培训投入来发挥创新激励作用。进一步研究显示,企业年金对创新的积极影响具有一定持续性,并且在不同环境和企业特征下具有异质性,即企业年金对创新的促进作用仅体现在国有企业、处于市场竞争程度较高的企业以及处于成长期的企业。本文研究结论拓展了企业年金政策实施效果与企业创新影响因素的研究,为建立并完善企业年金计划、优化薪酬福利制度以实现创新引领企业高质量发展提供了经验支持。     

吉林省储蓄国债投资者研究

随着我国经济持续增长和利率市场化不断推进,个人投资者资产管理方式及渠道日益丰富,而储蓄国债因品种单一、购买渠道狭窄、流动性不强等因素,与其他投资品种相比失去了往日"金边国债"魅力,储蓄国债发行和管理工作面临着挑战。本文从问卷调查入手,深入分析了吉林省储蓄国债投资者的结构特征、行为特点和投资偏好,并就优化期限结构、丰富国债品种、完善发行兑付渠道、强化宣传以及拓展农村市场五个方面提出意见建议,供参考。     

Economic policy uncertainty and firm investment: evidence from the U.S. market

This paper examines the impact of economic policy uncertainty on firm-level capital investment, by not only delving into the long-term investment-uncertainty relation like previous studies, but also analyzing the short-term investment-uncertainty relation for the U.S. market. The empirical investigations show that firms decrease short-term, long-term, and total firm investments when encountering higher economic policy uncertainties. The research also explores the non-linear investment-uncertainty relation based on various theories. Our findings present a U-shaped relationship between short-term, long-term, and total investments and uncertainties. Policy implications are provided from our empirical results.     

Causal relationship between apparel exports and macroeconomic factors

Apparel exports make a significant contribution to economic growth in major apparel exporting economies such as Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Vietnam. This study aims to investigate the causal relationship between apparel export growth and its determinants such as GDP growth, infrastructure, financial development, foreign direct investment (FDI) and labour productivity using panel data from 11 major apparel exporting countries for the period 1996 to 2013. The results confirm a long-run equilibrium association among the variables and reveal that GDP growth, infrastructure, financial development, FDI, and labour productivity have a significant positive influence on apparel export growth. Furthermore, the heterogeneous panel non-causality test results suggest that GDP growth, infrastructure and labour productivity contribute to apparel export growth in the short-run. These findings have several policy implications for the governments of the countries under study.     

National levels of corruption and foreign direct investment

We model the relationship between bilateral foreign direct investment (FDI) and the level of corruption in multinational firms’ (MCNs’) home and host countries. We construct and test a model of bilateral FDI between countries that differ in their levels of corruption. FDI is affected negatively both by the level of corruption in the host country and by differences in home- and host-country corruption. Our model emphasizes that MNCs develop skills for dealing with home-country corruption, and these skills become a competitive advantage in similarly corrupt host countries. We test the model using data on bilateral FDI stocks among a large number of home and host countries, using a variety of specifications and estimation strategies to provide robustness. Our results show that the effects of host-country corruption and of differences in corruption levels between home and host countries are statistically and economically significant.     

The effects of risk aversion on life insurance ownership of single-parent households

This study investigates the effect of risk aversion of single-parent households with at least one child under 18 on life insurance ownership. Analysing the 1992–2013 Survey of Consumer Finances datasets, we found that the likelihood of owning term life insurance decreases as risk aversion increases, but the likelihood of owning cash-value life insurance increases as risk aversion increases. Smokers were less likely to own term life insurance but more likely to own cash-value life insurance than comparable non-smokers.     

环保约谈能否促进企业绿色投资

环保约谈制度是提高环境治理水平所实行的环境执法监督新方式,对于破解环境治理难题,提高环境治理绩效至关重要。本文利用环保约谈所产生的准自然实验变化,以2013—2019年我国重污染行业上市公司为研究样本,考察环保约谈对企业绿色投资的影响。双重差分法的检验结果表明：在环保约谈所涉及城市的上市公司中,环保约谈促进了企业绿色投资。在此基础上,进一步检验发现,环保约谈对绿色投资的促进效果较为明显的企业主要来自于全要素生产率较高,行业市场竞争程度低及融资约束低的企业。研究结论从企业加强环保绿色投资决策的角度为环保约谈的经济后果提供了微观的证据,这不仅对于我们了解环保约谈这一政策对微观主体企业的影响效应具有一定意义,同时,对国家在经济发展中,如何实施更好的环境治理政策具有一定的指导意义。     

承接服务业国际转移:中国区位比较优势的实证

服务业离岸外移是当前国际产业转移的重要内容,抓住机遇承接服务业国际转移,提升自身的产业结构对于包括中国在内的发展中国家具有十分重要的战略意义。本文在回顾相关文献研究成果的基础上,利用面板数据模型对对华服务业直接投资的主要区位影响因素进行了实证研究,结果显示人均国内生产总值和人力资本存量是影响中国吸引服务业直接投资的重要区位因素。     

浅析市场化招商引资

市场化招商引资将成为新时期的一种理想招商引资模式,因此,有必要对这一模式进行研究。本文对它的涵义和意义进行了分析,并提出了实施市场化招商引资的具体建议,认为,一方面要重新界定政府在招商引资中的作用和分工,另一方面要建立有效的市场化招商引资企业组织和制度。